Vocabulary
Choose
the best option, A, B, C, or D, to complete these sentences.
1. Companies
where staff morale is high tend to outperform their competitor.
A. Outdo B. outgrow C. outperform D. outurn
2. An
effective form of motivation is through ….. group recognition.
A. Peer B. equal C. level D. same
3. In
order to be able to maintain……….. you nedd to be able to attract the best
staff.
A. Rivalry B. competirory C. opposition D. hostility
4. Making
people redundant should be the last……. For companies in difficulties.
A. Resource B. result C. report D.
resort
5. During
the last economic downturn, they had to……….. about 10% of the workface.
A. Send
off B. put off C. drop off D. lay off
6. Workers
need to receive……… pay or they will soon move on.
A. Same B.
comparative C. level D. competitive
Grammar
Complete
this text using the words from the box. You will not need one of the words.

1
one
of lea soupata’s favorite photographs captures jim casey, the founder of united
parcel service. 2…… is standing in 3………….. of the company’s offices in
Massachusetts, staring into the distance. Reflecting on 4………….. image, the company’s senior vice-president of people
programs says, he is just standing 5…………..
probably thinking, Gee, it’s a long way from seatle,”. 6…………. He founded the company in 1907. After rising to ghe top of
the world’s fourth largest employer, soupata might just as well look at her roots
in a working-class neighboard of new yoyk and sya of 7………….. “gee, it’s a long way from Queens”. Separating 8…………. From UPS is almost imposible.
She’s been at the company for 36 years, in jobs ranging from truck driver to
member of the board of directors of a firm 9……………
time-tasted organizational style dates back nearly a century to the days of
foot and bicycle messengers. Workface management is 10………… UPS is alla about , from 11……………. Liberal employee benefits program to its highly structured
system of internal mobility, as its 384,000-member workface holds on to the
distinction of being the largest delivery and transportataion company in the
world, 12…………… traditions are being tested as never before.
Today, it is fighting to stay ahead of archiveral fedex, as well as two
government assited mail-delivery monopolies, the U.S postal service and
germany’s deutsche post world net, the german postal service 13…………….. owns the delivery company
DHL. Among the key players helping UPS to 14…………
so in the face of 15………….. stiff
competition is soupata, the daughter of a working-class greek immigrant family.
Rewrite
these sentences using a suitable reference device to avod repetition.
1. I’m
director of R&D, and as director of R & D, I’m in charge of all new
product development.
I’m director of R&D, and as such, I’m
in charge of all new product development
2. The
date of our next meeting has been postponed, and the postponement will mean
that no decision wil be taken for at lest a month.
3. They
were advised to place an advertisement in all major national newspaper, and
thery placed an advertisement in major national newspapers.
4. Monique
and michellle did and MBA together at London university. Now Monique works for
tesco and michlle works for asda, two of the largest supermarket chains in
britian.
5. Kostas
and dimitiou wew our representatives in Greece. Both Kostas and dimitrou wew
made redundant when we closed our operation in Greece.
6. Marcel
is the finance director. Marcel is the director who took the decision – and it
as a difficult decision.
7. He’s
asked me to take over the berlin office, and I’ve agreed to take over the
berlin office.
8. Sven
has been discussing the problem with franz, but seven doesn’t agree with franz.
Rewrite
these sentences using the words and phrases given in brackets
1. Repetitive
work often causes boredom and demotivation amongst workers. (gives rise).
Repetitive work often gives rise to
boredom and demotivation amongst workers
2. Companies
sometimes cut prices because of pressure from rivals. (causes companies to).
3. We
are having cashflow problems as a result of some late payers. (given rise)
4. The
bad winter weather has been causing delivery problems. (arisen)
5. We
laid off some workers because their productivity was low. (led)
6. Tiredness
occasionally causes workplace accidents. (occasional consequence)
7. He
sometimes loses his temper when under excessive stress. (causes him to)
8. Over-reliance
on computer systems is a major cause of breakdowns in customer relations.
(major consequence).
Answers key
1. C
2. A
3. B
4. D
5. D
6. D
Grammar
1. One
2. He
3. One
4. This
5. There
6. Where
7. Herself
8. Her
9. Whose
10. What
11. Its
12. Those
13. Which
14. Do
15. Such
1. I’m
director of R&D, and as such, I’m in charge of all new product development.
2. The date
of our next meeting has been postponed, and that/this will mean that no
decision will be taken for at least a month
3. They
were advised to place an advertisement in all major national newspapers, and
they did so/which they did.
4. Monique
and michelle did an MBA together at London university, now the former works for
tesco and the letter works for asda, two of the largest supermarket chains in
Britain.
5. Kostas
and dimitriou were our representatives in Greece. Both of them were made
redundant when made redundant when we closed our operation there.
6. Marcel
is the finance director. He is the one who took the decision-and it was a
difficult one.
7. He’s
asked me to take over the berlin office and I’ve agreed to do so.
8. Sven
has been discussing the problem with franz, but they don’t agree with each
other
1. Repetitive
work often gives rise to boredom and demotivation amongst workers.
2. Pressure
from rivals sometimes causes companies to cut prices.
3. Some
late payers have given rise to cashflow problems / the cashflow problems we’re
having
4. Delivery
problems have arisen as a result of / because of / due to the bad winner
weather
5. Their
low productivity led to us / our laying off so me workers./ some workers low
productivity led to us / our laying them off.
6. Workplace
accidents are an / the occasional consequence of tiredness
7. Excessive
stress sometimes causes him to lose his temper.
8. Breakdowns
in customer relations are a major consequence of overreliance on computer
systems.
Souce : Brook-Hart G.-Business Benchmark Advanced Personal SB
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